List of current cardinals

Cardinals are senior members of the clergy of the Catholic Church. They are almost always bishops and generally hold important roles within the church, such as leading prominent archdioceses or heading dicasteries within the Roman Curia. Cardinals are created in consistories by the pope, and one of their foremost duties is the election of a new pope – invariably from among their number, although not strictly a requirement – when the Holy See is vacant (sede vacante), following the death or resignation of the reigning pontiff. The body of all cardinals is collectively known as the College of Cardinals.

Under current ecclesiastical law, as defined by the apostolic constitution Universi Dominici gregis, only cardinals who have not passed their 80th birthdays on the day on which the Holy See becomes vacant are eligible to participate in a papal conclave to elect a new pope. The same apostolic constitution also specifies a maximum of 120 cardinal electors who can participate in a conclave, but makes no provision in case this number is exceeded; this has often happened, although never at the time of a conclave. Cardinals may also be created in pectore ('in the breast'), in which case their identities are not publicly revealed by the pope; they do not enjoy the privileges of a cardinal until their names are published. The creations of any such cardinals who have not been revealed at the pope's death or resignation automatically lapse.

As of 1 October 2023, there are 242 cardinals, 136 of whom are cardinal electors. The most recent consistory for the creation of cardinals which was held on 30 September 2023, when Pope Francis created 21 cardinals, including 17 cardinal electors. Luis Ladaria Ferrer was the most recent cardinal elector to turn 80, on 19 April 2024; and Marc Ouellet will be the next cardinal elector to turn 80, on 8 June 2024. The most recent death of a cardinal was that of Pedro Rubiano Sáenz, on 15 April 2024, at the age of 91.

Cardinals

The College of Cardinals is divided into three orders, with formal precedence in the following sequence:

1. Cardinal bishops (CB): the six cardinals who are assigned the titles of the seven suburbicarian dioceses in the vicinity of Rome by the pope, plus a few other cardinals who have been exceptionally co-opted into the order, as well as patriarchs who head one of the Eastern Catholic Churches. The two most senior cardinal bishops, who are elected by the cardinal bishops from among themselves (excluding the Eastern Catholic patriarchs) and approved by the pope, are the dean and the vice dean, currently Giovanni Battista Re and Leonardo Sandri, respectively. The latter is also the senior cardinal bishop among the cardinal electors.
2. Cardinal priests (CP): bishops typically in charge of dioceses around the world, as well as former cardinal deacons who have opted to be elevated to the order. The most senior cardinal priest is the protopriest, currently Michael Michai Kitbunchu; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal priest is Vinko Puljić and the Junior cardinal priest is Américo Aguiar.
3. Cardinal deacons (CD): bishops who work in the Roman Curia or the diplomatic service of the Holy See, and all other clergy, including priests who have been granted a dispensation not to be consecrated a bishop. They have the choice (Latin: optatio) of opting to become cardinal priests after having been cardinal deacons for ten years. The most senior cardinal deacon is the protodeacon, currently Renato Martino; among the cardinal electors, the senior cardinal deacon is James Michael Harvey and the junior cardinal deacon is Ángel Fernández Artime.

For cardinal bishops (excluding the Eastern Catholic patriarchs), the dean is first in precedence, followed by the vice-dean and then, in order of appointment as cardinal bishops, by the remainder. For cardinal bishops who are Eastern Catholic patriarchs, for cardinal priests and for cardinal deacons, precedence is determined by the date of the consistory in which they were created cardinals and then by the order in which they appeared in the official announcement or bulletin.

All cardinals listed are members of the Latin Church unless otherwise stated. Cardinals belonging to institutes of consecrated life or to societies of apostolic life are indicated by the relevant post-nominal letters.

* Cardinals ineligible to participate in a papal conclave

Cardinal-Bishops (12 cardinals (4.96%); 6 electors (50%), 6 non-electors (50%))

Rank	Name	Country	Born	Order	Consistory
1	Giovanni Battista Re*	Italy	(1934-01-30) 30 January 1934	CB	21 February 2001 John Paul II
2	Leonardo Sandri	Argentina	(1943-11-18) 18 November 1943	CB	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
3	Francis Arinze*	Nigeria	(1932-11-01) 1 November 1932	CB	25 May 1985 John Paul II
4	Tarcisio Bertone SDB*	Italy	(1934-12-02) 2 December 1934	CB	21 October 2003 John Paul II
5	José Saraiva Martins CMF*	Portugal	(1932-01-06) 6 January 1932	CB	21 February 2001 John Paul II
6	Pietro Parolin	Italy	(1955-01-17) 17 January 1955	CB	22 February 2014 Francis
7	Marc Ouellet PSS	Canada	(1944-06-08) 8 June 1944	CB	21 October 2003 John Paul II
8	Fernando Filoni	Italy	(1946-04-15) 15 April 1946	CB	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
9	Beniamino Stella*	Italy	(1941-08-18) 18 August 1941	CB	22 February 2014 Francis
10	Luis Antonio Tagle	Philippines	(1957-06-21) 21 June 1957	CB	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI
11	Bechara Boutros al-Rahi OMM*	Lebanon	(1940-02-23) 23 February 1940	CB	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI
12	Louis Raphaël I Sako	Iraq	(1948-07-04) 4 July 1948	CB	28 June 2018 Francis

Cardinal-Priests

Number	Rank	Name	Country	Born	Order	Consistory
1	13	Michael Michai Kitbunchu*	Thailand	(1929-01-25) 25 January 1929	CP	2 February 1983 John Paul II
2	14	Alexandre do Nascimento*	Angola	(1925-03-01) 1 March 1925	CP	2 February 1983 John Paul II
		Thomas Williams*	New Zealand	(1930-03-20) 20 March 1930	CP	2 February 1983 John Paul II
3	15	Paul Poupard*	France	(1930-08-30) 30 August 1930	CP	25 May 1985 John Paul II
4	16	Friedrich Wetter*	Germany	(1928-02-20) 20 February 1928	CP	25 May 1985 John Paul II
5	17	Nicolás de Jesús López Rodríguez*	Dominican Republic	(1936-10-31) 31 October 1936	CP	28 June 1991 John Paul II
6	18	Roger Mahony*	United States	(1936-02-27) 27 February 1936	CP	28 June 1991 John Paul II
7	19	Camillo Ruini*	Italy	(1931-02-19) 19 February 1931	CP	28 June 1991 John Paul II
8	20	Julius Darmaatmadja SJ*	Indonesia	(1934-12-20) 20 December 1934	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II
9	21	Emmanuel Wamala*	Uganda	(1926-12-15) 15 December 1926	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II
10	22	Adam Maida*	United States	(1930-03-18) 18 March 1930	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II
11	23	Vinko Puljić	Bosnia and Herzegovina	(1945-09-08) 8 September 1945	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II
12	24	Juan Sandoval Íñiguez*	Mexico	(1933-03-28) 28 March 1933	CP	26 November 1994 John Paul II
13	25	James Stafford*	United States	(1932-07-26) 26 July 1932	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II
14	26	Salvatore De Giorgi*	Italy	(1930-09-06) 6 September 1930	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II
15	27	Antonio María Rouco Varela*	Spain	(1936-08-20) 20 August 1936	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II
16	28	Polycarp Pengo	Tanzania	(1944-08-05) 5 August 1944	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II
17	29	Christoph Schönborn OP	Austria	(1945-01-22) 22 January 1945	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II
18	30	Norberto Rivera Carrera*	Mexico	(1942-06-06) 6 June 1942	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II
19	31	Jānis Pujats*	Latvia	(1930-11-14) 14 November 1930	CP	21 February 1998 John Paul II
20	32	Crescenzio Sepe*	Italy	(1943-06-02) 2 June 1943	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II
21	33	Walter Kasper*	Germany	(1933-03-05) 5 March 1933	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II
22	34	Audrys Bačkis*	Lithuania	(1937-02-01) 1 February 1937	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II
23	35	Francisco Javier Errázuriz Ossa ISch*	Chile	(1933-09-05) 5 September 1933	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II
24	36	Wilfrid Fox Napier OFM*	South Africa	(1941-03-08) 8 March 1941	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II
25	37	Óscar Rodríguez Maradiaga SDB*	Honduras	(1942-12-29) 29 December 1942	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II
26	38	Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne	Peru	(1943-12-28) 28 December 1943	CP	21 February 2001 John Paul II
27	39	Julián Herranz Casado*	Spain	(1930-03-31) 31 March 1930	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
28	40	Angelo Scola*	Italy	(1941-11-07) 7 November 1941	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
29	41	Anthony Olubunmi Okogie*	Nigeria	(1936-06-16) 16 June 1936	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
30	42	Gabriel Zubeir Wako*	Sudan	(1941-02-27) 27 February 1941	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
31	43	Justin Rigali*	United States	(1935-04-19) 19 April 1935	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
32	44	Ennio Antonelli*	Italy	(1936-11-18) 18 November 1936	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
33	45	Peter Turkson	Ghana	(1948-10-11) 11 October 1948	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
34	46	Josip Bozanić	Croatia	(1949-03-20) 20 March 1949	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
35	47	Jean-Baptiste Pham Minh Mẫn*	Vietnam	(1934-03-05) 5 March 1934	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
36	48	Philippe Barbarin	France	(1950-10-17) 17 October 1950	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
37	49	Péter Erdő	Hungary	(1952-06-25) 25 June 1952	CP	21 October 2003 John Paul II
38	50	Franc Rodé CM*	Slovenia	(1934-09-23) 23 September 1934	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI
39	51	Agostino Vallini*	Italy	(1940-04-17) 17 April 1940	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI
40	52	Gaudencio Rosales*	Philippines	(1932-08-10) 10 August 1932	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI
41	53	Jean-Pierre Ricard	France	(1944-09-25) 25 September 1944	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI
42	54	Antonio Cañizares Llovera	Spain	(1945-10-15) 15 October 1945	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI
43	55	Seán Patrick O'Malley OFMCap	United States	(1944-06-29) 29 June 1944	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI
44	56	Stanisław Dziwisz*	Poland	(1939-04-27) 27 April 1939	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI
45	57	Joseph Zen Ze-kiun SDB*	China Hong Kong	(1932-01-13) 13 January 1932	CP	24 March 2006 Benedict XVI
46	58	Giovanni Lajolo*	Italy	(1935-01-03) 3 January 1935	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
47	59	Angelo Comastri	Italy	(1943-09-17) 17 September 1943	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
48	60	Stanisław Ryłko	Poland	(1945-07-04) 4 July 1945	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
49	61	Raffaele Farina SDB*	Italy	(1933-09-24) 24 September 1933	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
50	62	Seán Brady*	Ireland	(1939-08-16) 16 August 1939	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
51	63	Lluís Martínez Sistach*	Spain	(1937-04-29) 29 April 1937	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
52	64	André Vingt-Trois*	France	(1942-11-07) 7 November 1942	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
53	65	Angelo Bagnasco*	Italy	(1943-01-14) 14 January 1943	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
54	66	Théodore-Adrien Sarr*	Senegal	(1936-11-28) 28 November 1936	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
55	67	Oswald Gracias	India	(1944-12-24) 24 December 1944	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
56	68	Francisco Robles Ortega	Mexico	(1949-03-02) 2 March 1949	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
57	69	Daniel DiNardo	United States	(1949-05-23) 23 May 1949	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
58	70	Odilo Scherer	Brazil	(1949-09-21) 21 September 1949	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
59	71	John Njue	Kenya	1944 (age 79–80)	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
60	72	Estanislao Esteban Karlic*	Argentina	(1926-02-07) 7 February 1926	CP	24 November 2007 Benedict XVI
61	73	Angelo Amato SDB*	Italy	(1938-08-08) 8 August 1938	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
62	74	Robert Sarah	Guinea	(1945-06-15) 15 June 1945	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
63	75	Francesco Monterisi*	Italy	(1934-05-28) 28 May 1934	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
64	76	Raymond Leo Burke	United States	(1948-06-30) 30 June 1948	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
65	77	Kurt Koch	Switzerland	(1950-03-15) 15 March 1950	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
66	78	Mauro Piacenza	Italy	(1944-09-15) 15 September 1944	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
67	79	Gianfranco Ravasi*	Italy	(1942-10-18) 18 October 1942	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
68	80	Paolo Romeo*	Italy	(1938-02-20) 20 February 1938	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
69	81	Donald Wuerl*	United States	(1940-11-12) 12 November 1940	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
70	82	Raymundo Damasceno Assis*	Brazil	(1937-02-15) 15 February 1937	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
71	83	Kazimierz Nycz	Poland	(1950-02-01) 1 February 1950	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
72	84	Malcolm Ranjith	Sri Lanka	(1947-11-15) 15 November 1947	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
73	85	Reinhard Marx	Germany	(1953-09-21) 21 September 1953	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
74	86	Walter Brandmüller*	Germany	(1929-01-05) 5 January 1929	CP	20 November 2010 Benedict XVI
75	87	Manuel Monteiro de Castro*	Portugal	(1938-03-29) 29 March 1938	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
76	88	Santos Abril y Castelló*	Spain	(1935-09-21) 21 September 1935	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
77	89	Antonio Maria Vegliò*	Italy	(1938-02-03) 3 February 1938	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
78	90	Giuseppe Bertello*	Italy	(1942-10-01) 1 October 1942	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
79	91	Francesco Coccopalmerio*	Italy	(1938-03-06) 6 March 1938	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
80	92	João Braz de Aviz	Brazil	(1947-04-24) 24 April 1947	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
81	93	Edwin Frederick O'Brien*	United States	(1939-04-08) 8 April 1939	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
82	94	Domenico Calcagno*	Italy	(1943-02-03) 3 February 1943	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
83	95	Giuseppe Versaldi	Italy	(1943-07-30) 30 July 1943	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
84	96	George Alencherry	India	(1945-04-19) 19 April 1945	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
85	97	Thomas Collins	Canada	(1947-01-16) 16 January 1947	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
86	98	Dominik Duka OP*	Czech Republic	(1943-04-26) 26 April 1943	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
87	99	Willem Jacobus Eijk	Netherlands	(1953-06-22) 22 June 1953	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
88	100	Giuseppe Betori	Italy	(1947-02-25) 25 February 1947	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
89	101	Timothy Michael Dolan	United States	(1950-02-06) 6 February 1950	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
90	102	Rainer Woelki	Germany	(1956-08-18) 18 August 1956	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
91	103	John Tong Hon*	Hong Kong (China)	(1939-07-31) 31 July 1939	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
92	104	Lucian Mureșan*	Romania	(1931-05-23) 23 May 1931	CP	18 February 2012 Benedict XVI
93	105	Baselios Cleemis	India	(1959-06-15) 15 June 1959	CP	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI
94	106	John Onaiyekan	Nigeria	(1944-01-29) 29 January 1944	CP	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI
95	107	Rubén Salazar Gómez*	Colombia	(1942-09-22) 22 September 1942	CP	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI
96	108	Vincent Gerard Nichols	United Kingdom	(1945-11-08) 8 November 1945	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
97	109	Leopoldo Brenes	Nicaragua	(1949-03-07) 7 March 1949	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
98	110	Gérald Lacroix ISPX	Canada	(1957-07-27) 27 July 1957	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
99	111	Jean-Pierre Kutwa	Ivory Coast	(1945-03-22) 22 March 1945	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
100	112	Orani João Tempesta OCist	Brazil	(1950-06-23) 23 June 1950	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
101	113	Gualtiero Bassetti*	Italy	(1942-04-07) 7 April 1942	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
102	114	Mario Aurelio Poli	Argentina	(1947-11-29) 29 November 1947	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
103	115	Andrew Yeom Soo-jung	South Korea	(1943-12-05) 5 December 1943	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
104	116	Ricardo Ezzati SDB*	Chile	(1942-01-07) 7 January 1942	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
105	117	Philippe Nakellentuba Ouédraogo	Burkina Faso	(1945-01-25) 25 January 1945	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
106	118	Orlando Quevedo OMI*	Philippines	(1939-03-11) 11 March 1939	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
107	119	Chibly Langlois	Haiti	(1956-11-29) 29 November 1956	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
108	120	Kelvin Edward Felix*	Saint Lucia	(1933-02-15) 15 February 1933	CP	22 February 2014 Francis
109	121	Manuel Clemente	Portugal	(1948-07-16) 16 July 1948	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
110	122	Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel CM	Ethiopia	(1948-07-14) 14 July 1948	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
111	123	John Dew	New Zealand	(1948-05-05) 5 May 1948	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
112	124	Edoardo Menichelli*	Italy	(1939-10-14) 14 October 1939	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
113	125	Pierre Nguyễn Văn Nhơn*	Vietnam	(1938-04-01) 1 April 1938	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
114	126	Alberto Suárez Inda*	Mexico	(1939-01-30) 30 January 1939	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
115	127	Charles Maung Bo SDB	Myanmar	(1948-10-29) 29 October 1948	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
116	128	Francis Xavier Kriengsak Kovithavanij	Thailand	(1949-06-27) 27 June 1949	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
117	129	Francesco Montenegro	Italy	(1946-05-22) 22 May 1946	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
118	130	Daniel Fernando Sturla Berhouet SDB	Uruguay	(1959-07-04) 4 July 1959	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
119	131	Ricardo Blázquez Pérez*	Spain	(1942-04-13) 13 April 1942	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
120	132	José Luis Lacunza Maestrojuán OAR	Panama	(1944-02-24) 24 February 1944	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
121	133	Arlindo Gomes Furtado	Cape Verde	(1949-11-15) 15 November 1949	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
122	134	Soane Patita Paini Mafi	Tonga	(1961-12-19) 19 December 1961	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
123	135	Luis Héctor Villalba*	Argentina	(1934-10-11) 11 October 1934	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
124	136	Júlio Duarte Langa*	Mozambique	(1927-10-27) 27 October 1927	CP	14 February 2015 Francis
125	137	Dieudonné Nzapalainga CSSp	Central African Republic	(1967-03-14) 14 March 1967	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
126	138	Carlos Osoro Sierra	Spain	(1945-05-16) 16 May 1945	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
127	139	Sérgio da Rocha	Brazil	(1959-10-21) 21 October 1959	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
128	140	Blase Joseph Cupich	United States	(1949-03-19) 19 March 1949	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
129	141	Patrick D'Rozario CSC	Bangladesh	(1943-10-01) 1 October 1943	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
130	142	Baltazar Enrique Porras Cardozo	Venezuela	(1944-10-10) 10 October 1944	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
131	143	Jozef De Kesel	Belgium	(1947-06-17) 17 June 1947	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
132	144	Maurice Piat CSSp*	Mauritius	(1941-07-19) 19 July 1941	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
133	145	Carlos Aguiar Retes	Mexico	(1950-01-19) 19 January 1950	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
134	146	John Ribat MSC	Papua New Guinea	(1957-02-09) 9 February 1957	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
135	147	Joseph William Tobin CSsR	United States	(1952-05-03) 3 May 1952	CP	19 November 2016 Francis
136	148	Jean Zerbo	Mali	(1943-12-27) 27 December 1943	CP	28 June 2017 Francis
137	149	Juan José Omella Omella	Spain	(1946-04-21) 21 April 1946	CP	28 June 2017 Francis
138	150	Anders Arborelius OCD	Sweden	(1949-09-24) 24 September 1949	CP	28 June 2017 Francis
139	151	Louis-Marie Ling Mangkhanekhoun IVD	Laos	(1944-04-08) 8 April 1944	CP	28 June 2017 Francis
140	152	Gregorio Rosa Chávez*	El Salvador	(1942-09-03) 3 September 1942	CP	28 June 2017 Francis
141	153	Angelo De Donatis	Italy	(1954-01-04) 4 January 1954	CP	28 June 2018 Francis
142	154	Joseph Coutts	Pakistan	(1945-07-21) 21 July 1945	CP	28 June 2018 Francis
143	155	António Augusto dos Santos Marto	Portugal	5 May 1947 (age 76)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis
144	156	Pedro Ricardo Barreto Jimeno SJ	Peru	12 February 1944 (age 79)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis
145	157	Désiré Tsarahazana	Madagascar	13 June 1954 (age 69)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis
146	158	Giuseppe Petrocchi	Italy	19 August 1948 (age 74)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis
147	159	Thomas Aquino Manyo Maeda	Japan	3 March 1949 (age 74)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis
148	160	Toribio Ticona Porco*	Bolivia	25 April 1937 (age 86)	CP	28 June 2018 Francis
149	161	Ignatius Suharyo Hardjoatmodjo	Indonesia	9 July 1950 (age 73)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis
150	162	Juan de la Caridad García Rodríguez	Cuba	11 July 1948 (age 75)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis
151	163	Fridolin Ambongo Besungu OFMCap	Democratic Republic of the Congo	24 January 1960 (age 63)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis
152	164	Jean-Claude Hollerich SJ	Luxembourg	9 August 1958 (age 64)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis
153	165	Álvaro Leonel Ramazzini Imeri	Guatemala	16 July 1947 (age 75)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis
154	166	Matteo Zuppi	Italy	11 October 1955 (age 67)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis
155	167	Cristóbal López Romero SDB	Morocco	19 May 1952 (age 71)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis
156	168	Sigitas Tamkevičius SJ*	Lithuania	7 November 1938 (age 84)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis
157	169	Eugenio Dal Corso PSDP*	Angola	16 May 1939 (age 84)	CP	5 October 2019 Francis
158	170	Antoine Kambanda	Rwanda	10 November 1958 (age 64)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis
159	171	Wilton Daniel Gregory	United States	7 December 1947 (age 75)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis
160	172	Jose Advincula OP	Philippines	30 March 1952 (age 71)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis
161	173	Celestino Aós Braco OFMCap	Chile	6 April 1945 (age 78)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis
162	174	Augusto Paolo Lojudice	Italy	1 July 1964 (age 59)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis
163	175	Felipe Arizmendi Esquivel*	Mexico	1 May 1940 (age 83)	CP	28 November 2020 Francis
164	176	Jean-Marc Aveline	France	26 December 1958 (age 64)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
165	177	Peter Ebere Okpaleke	Nigeria	1 March 1963 (age 60)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
166	178	Leonardo Ulrich Steiner OFM	Brazil	6 November 1950 (age 72)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
167	179	Filipe Neri António Sebastião do Rosário Ferrão	India	20 January 1953 (age 70)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
168	180	Robert Walter McElroy	United States	5 February 1954 (age 69)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
169	181	Virgilio do Carmo da Silva SDB	East Timor	27 November 1967 (age 55)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
170	182	Oscar Cantoni	Italy	1 September 1950 (age 72)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
171	183	Anthony Poola	India	15 November 1961 (age 61)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
172	184	Paulo Cezar Costa	Brazil	20 July 1967 (age 55)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
173	185	William Goh Seng Chye	Singapore	25 June 1957 (age 66)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
174	186	Adalberto Martínez Flores	Paraguay	8 July 1951 (age 72)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
175	187	Giorgio Marengo IMC	Mongolia	7 June 1974 (age 49)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
176	188	Jorge Enrique Jiménez Carvajal CJM*	Colombia	29 March 1942 (age 81)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
177	189	Arrigo Miglio*	Italy	18 July 1942 (age 80)	CP	27 August 2022 Francis
178	190	Pierbattista Pizzaballa	Palestine	21 April 1965	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
179	191	Stephen Brislin	South Africa	24 September 1956	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
180	192	Ángel Sixto Rossi SJ	Argentina	11 August 1958	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
181	193	Luis José Rueda Aparicio	Colombia	3 March 1962	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
182	194	Grzegorz Ryś	Poland	9 February 1964	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
183	195	Stephen Ameyu Martin Mulla	South Sudan	10 January 1964	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
184	196	José Cobo Cano	Spain	20 September 1965	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
185	197	Protase Rugambwa	Tanzania	31 May 1960	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
186	198	Sebastian Francis	Malaysia	11 November 1951	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
187	199	Stephen Chow Sau-yan SJ	China (Hong Kong)	7 August 1959	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
188	200	François-Xavier Bustillo OFM Conv	France	23 November 1968	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
189	201	Américo Aguiar	Portugal	12 December 1973	CP	30 September 2023 Francis
190	202	Diego Rafael Padrón Sánchez*	Venezuela	17 May 1939	CP	30 September 2023 Francis

Cardinal-Deacons

No.	Rank	Name	Country	Born	Order	Consistory
1	203	Renato Martino*	Italy	(1932-11-23) 23 November 1932	CD	21 October 2003 John Paul II
2	204	James Michael Harvey	United States	(1949-10-20) 20 October 1949	CD	24 November 2012 Benedict XVI
3	205	Lorenzo Baldisseri*	Italy	(1940-09-29) 29 September 1940	CD	22 February 2014 Francis
4	206	Gerhard Ludwig Müller	Germany	(1947-12-31) 31 December 1947	CD	22 February 2014 Francis
5	207	Dominique Mamberti	France	(1952-03-07) 7 March 1952	CD	14 February 2015 Francis
6	208	Mario Zenari	Italy	(1946-01-05) 5 January 1946	CD	19 November 2016 Francis
7	209	Kevin Farrell	United States	(1947-09-02) 2 September 1947	CD	19 November 2016 Francis
8	210	Ernest Simoni*	Albania	(1928-10-18) 18 October 1928	CD	19 November 2016 Francis
9	211	Luis Ladaria Ferrer SJ	Spain	(1944-04-19) 19 April 1944	CD	28 June 2018 Francis
10	212	Giovanni Angelo Becciu*	Italy	(1948-06-02) 2 June 1948	CD	28 June 2018 Francis
11	213	Konrad Krajewski	Poland	(1963-09-25) 25 September 1963	CD	28 June 2018 Francis
12	214	Aquilino Bocos Merino CMF*	Spain	(1938-05-17) 17 May 1938	CD	28 June 2018 Francis
13	215	Miguel Ángel Ayuso Guixot MCCJ	Spain	(1952-06-17) 17 June 1952	CD	5 October 2019 Francis
14	216	José Tolentino de Mendonça	Portugal	(1965-12-15) 15 December 1965	CD	5 October 2019 Francis
15	217	Michael Czerny SJ	Canada	(1946-07-18) 18 July 1946	CD	5 October 2019 Francis
16	218	Michael Fitzgerald MAfr*	United Kingdom	(1937-08-17) 17 August 1937	CD	5 October 2019 Francis
17	219	Mario Grech	Malta	(1957-02-20) 20 February 1957	CD	28 November 2020 Francis
18	220	Marcello Semeraro	Italy	(1947-12-22) 22 December 1947	CD	28 November 2020 Francis
19	221	Mauro Gambetti OFMConv	Italy	(1965-10-27) 27 October 1965	CD	28 November 2020 Francis
20	222	Silvano Maria Tomasi CS*	Italy	(1940-10-12) 12 October 1940	CD	28 November 2020 Francis
21	223	Raniero Cantalamessa OFMCap*	Italy	(1934-07-22) 22 July 1934	CD	28 November 2020 Francis
22	224	Enrico Feroci*	Italy	(1940-08-27) 27 August 1940	CD	28 November 2020 Francis
23	225	Arthur Roche	United Kingdom	(1950-03-06) 6 March 1950	CD	27 August 2022 Francis
24	226	Lazzaro You Heung-sik	South Korea	(1951-11-17) 17 November 1951	CD	27 August 2022 Francis
25	227	Fernando Vérgez Alzaga LC	Spain	(1945-03-01) 1 March 1945	CD	27 August 2022 Francis
26	228	Gianfranco Ghirlanda SJ*	Italy	(1942-07-05) 5 July 1942	CD	27 August 2022 Francis
27	229	Fortunato Frezza*	Italy	(1942-02-06) 6 February 1942	CD	27 August 2022 Francis
28	230	Robert Francis Prevost OSA	United States	(1955-09-14) 14 September 1955	CD	30 September 2023 Francis
29	231	Claudio Gugerotti	Italy	(1955-10-07) 7 October 1955	CD	30 September 2023 Francis
30	232	Víctor Manuel Fernández	Argentina	(1962-07-18) 18 July 1962	CD	30 September 2023 Francis
31	233	Emil Paul Tscherrig	Switzerland	(1947-02-03) 3 February 1947	CD	30 September 2023 Francis
32	234	Christophe Pierre	France	(1946-01-30) 30 January 1946	CD	30 September 2023 Francis
33	235	Ángel Fernández Artime SDB	Spain	(1960-08-21) 21 August 1960	CD	30 September 2023 Francis
34	236	Agostino Marchetto*	Italy	(1940-08-28) 28 August 1940	CD	30 September 2023 Francis
35	237	Luis Pascual Dri OFM Cap*	Argentina	(1927-04-17) 17 April 1927	CD	30 September 2023 Francis

Demographics of the College of Cardinals

At present, 136 of 241 cardinals are eligible to participate in a papal conclave. The number of votes required to be elected pope with a two-thirds supermajority, if all 136 cardinal electors were to participate (notwithstanding the maximum of 120 specified in Universi Dominici gregis), would be 81.

This table indicates the number of current cardinals created by each pope and belonging to each order of the College.

By Pope

No.	Pope	Electors			Total	Non Electors			Total	All			Total
		CB (%)	CP (%)	CD (%)		CB (%)	CP (%)	CD (%)		CB (%)	CP (%)	CD (%)
264	John Paul II (1978–2005)	1 (11.11%) (16.67%)	8 (88.189%) (7.41%)	0 (0%) (16.67%)	9 (100%) (16.67%)	4 (80%) (66.67%)	32 (86.49%) (37.21%)	1 (2.7%) (66.67%)	37 (100%) (66.67%)	5 (10.42%) (41.67%)	40 (86.96%) (20.62%)	1 (2.7%) (2.86%)	46 (100%) (18.67%)
265	Benedict XVI (2005–2013)	3 (10.34%) (50%)	25 (86.21%) (42.37%)	1 (11.11%) (16.67%)	29 (100%) (21.32%)	1 (25%) (16.67%)	34 (39.53%) (39.53%)	0 (0%) (66.67%)	35 (100%) (33.33%)	4 (6.25%) (33.33%)	59 (86.21%) (30.41%)	1 (11.11%) (2.86%)	64 (100%) (26.56%)
266	Francis (2013–present)	2 (66.67%) (33.33%)	75 (76.53%) (78.95%)	21 (11.11%) (16.67%)	98 (100%) (72.06%)	1 (33.33%) (16.67%)	20 (23.86%) (23.26%)	12 (80%) (66.67%)	33 (80%) (21.43%)	3 (25%) (33.33%)	95 (76.53%) (48.97%)	33 (11.11%) (94.29%)	131 (100%) (54.36%)
Total		6 (100%) (4.41%)	108 (100%) (16.67%)	22 (100%) (16.18%)	136 (100%) (40.66%)	6 (100%) (5.71%)	86 (100%) (81.9%)	13 (100%) (12.36%)	105 (100%) (100%)	12 (100%) (4.98%)	194 (100%) (80.5%)	35 (100%) (14.52%)	241 (100%) (100%)

By Order

Bishops

No.	Pope	Electors	Non Electors	Total
		Number (Percentage)	Number (Percentage)
264	John Paul II (1978–2005)	1 (20%) (16.67%)	4 (80%) (66.67%)	5 (100%) (41.67%)
265	Benedict XVI (2005–2013)	3 (75%) (50%)	1 (25%) (16.67%)	4 (100%) (33.33%)
266	Francis (2013–present)	2 (66.67%) (33.33%)	1 (33.33%) (16.67%)	3 (100%) (25%)
Total		6 (50%)	6 (50%)	12 (100%)

Cardinmal-Priests

No.	Pope	Electors	Non Electors	Total
		Number (Percentage)	Number (Percentage)
264	John Paul II (1978–2005)	8 (20%)	32 (80%)	40 (100%) (20.62%)
265	Benedict XVI (2005–2013)	25 (42.37%)	34 (57.63%)	59 (100%) (30.41%)
266	Francis (2013–present)	75 (78.95%)	20 (21.05%)	95 (100%) (48.97%)
Total		108 (100%) (55.67%)	86 (100%) (44.33%)	194 (100%) (100%)

Cardinal Deacons

Pope		Electors	Non Electors
No.	Name	Number (Percentage)	Number (Percentage)	Total
264	John Paul II (1978–2005)	0 (0.00%)	1 (100%)	1 (100%)
265	Benedict XVI (2005–2013)	1 (100%)	0 (0.00%)	1 (100%)
266	Francis (2013–present)	21 (63.64%)	12 (36.36$)	33 (100%)
Total		22 (100%) (62.86%)	13 (100%) (37.14%)	35 (100%)

Cardinals by particular church sui iuris[edit]

While most cardinals belong to the Latin Church, which encompasses the vast majority of Catholics, a small number of cardinals belong to one of the twenty-three autonomous (sui iuris) Eastern Catholic Churches. At present, there are six Eastern Catholic cardinals, including four cardinal electors, belonging to six particular churches sui iuris:

• Béchara Boutros Raï (Maronite Church)
• Louis Raphaël I Sako (Chaldean Church), cardinal elector
• George Alencherry (Syro-Malabar Church), cardinal elector
• Lucian Mureșan (Romanian Greek Church)
• Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal (Syro-Malankara Church), cardinal elector
• Berhaneyesus Demerew Souraphiel (Ethiopian Church), cardinal elector

Particular church sui iuris		All cardinals	Cardinal electors
Latin Church (Western)		216	117
Eastern Churches	Chaldean Church	1	1
	Ethiopian Church	1	1
	Maronite Church	1	0
	Romanian Greek Church	1	0
	Syro-Malabar Church	1	1
	Syro-Malankara Church	1	1
	Total	6	4
Total		222	121

Cardinals by institute of consecrated life or society of apostolic life

At present, there are 52 cardinals, including 29 cardinal electors, who are members of the religious life, representing 28 institutes of consecrated life and societies of apostolic life. Common names for members, if different, are given in brackets in this table.

Post-nominal	Institute or society	All cardinals	Cardinal electors
CJM	Congregation of Jesus and Mary (Eudists)	1	0
CM	Congregation of the Mission (Vincentians, Lazarists)	2	1
CMF	Congregation of Missionary Sons of the Immaculate Heart of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Claretians)	2	0
CS	Congregation of the Missionaries of Saint Charles Borromeo (Scalabrinians)	1	0
CSC	Congregation of Holy Cross (Holy Cross Fathers)	1	1
CSSp	Congregation of the Holy Spirit (Holy Ghost Fathers, Spiritans)	2	1
CSsR	Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Redemptorists)	1	1
IMC	Institute of Consolata Missionaries	1	1
ISch	Institute of Schönstatt Fathers	1	0
ISPX	Pius X Secular Institute	1	1
IVD	Voluntas Dei Institute	1	1
LC	Congregation of the Legionaries of Christ	1	1
MAfr	Missionaries of Africa (White Fathers)	1	0
MCCJ	Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus	1	1
MSC	Missionaries of the Sacred Heart	1	1
OAR	Order of Augustinian Recollects	1	1
OCD	Order of Discalced Carmelites	1	1
OCist	Order of Cistercians	1	1
OFM	Order of Friars Minor (Franciscans)	2	1
OFMCap	Order of Friars Minor Capuchin (Capuchins)	4	3
OFMConv	Order of Friars Minor Conventual (Conventual Franciscans)	1	1
OMI	Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (Oblates)	1	0
OMM	Mariamite Maronite Order (Aleppians)	1	0
OP	Order of Preachers (Dominicans)	3	2
PSDP	Poor Servants of Divine Providence	1	0
PSS	Society of the Priests of Saint Sulpice (Sulpicians)	1	1
SDB	Society of Saint Francis de Sales (Salesians)	10	4
SJ	Society of Jesus (Jesuits)	7	4
(none)	Secular clergy	170	92
Total		222	121

Cardinals by continent

For the purposes of this article, countries are grouped into continents generally according to the regions of the United Nations geoscheme; for the region of the Americas, North America comprises the subregions of Northern America, Central America and the Caribbean, while South America comprises the remaining subregion of the same name. Statistics for the global distribution of Catholics are taken from the 2021 edition of the Annuarium Statisticum Ecclesiae (Statistical Yearbook of the Church).

Continent	All cardinals		Cardinal electors		Percentage of global Catholic population (2021)
	Number	Percentage	Number	Percentage
Africa	26	11.7%	16	13.2%	19%
North America	35	15.8%	21	17.4%	21%
South America	24	10.8%	14	11.6%	27%
Asia	31	14.0%	21	17.4%	11%
Europe	102	45.9%	46	38.0%	21%
Oceania	4	1.8%	3	2.5%	1%
Total	222	100.0%	121	100.0%	100%

Cardinals by country

At present, 88 countries are represented in the College of Cardinals, including 65 with at least one cardinal elector. The countries with the greatest numbers of cardinals are Italy (forty-seven), the United States (sixteen), and Spain (twelve). Among the cardinal electors, the countries with the greatest numbers are Italy (fifteen), the United States (ten), and Brazil and Spain jointly (six each).

Country	Continent	All cardinals	Cardinal electors
Albania	Europe	1	0
Angola	Africa	2	0
Argentina	South America	4	2
Austria	Europe	1	1
Bangladesh	Asia	1	1
Belgium	Europe	1	1
Bolivia	South America	1	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Europe	1	1
Brazil	South America	8	6
Burkina Faso	Africa	1	1
Canada	North America	4	4
Cape Verde	Africa	1	1
Central African Republic	Africa	1	1
Chile	South America	3	1
Colombia	South America	3	0
Cuba	North America	1	1
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Africa	1	1
Croatia	Europe	1	1
Czech Republic	Europe	1	0
Dominican Republic	North America	1	0
East Timor	Asia	1	1
El Salvador	North America	1	0
Ethiopia	Africa	1	1
France	Europe	6	4
Germany	Europe	7	3
Ghana	Africa	1	1
Guatemala	North America	1	1
Guinea	Africa	1	1
Haiti	North America	1	1
Honduras	North America	1	0
Hong Kong (China)	Asia	2	0
Hungary	Europe	1	1
India	Asia	6	5
Indonesia	Asia	2	1
Iraq	Asia	1	1
Ireland	Europe	1	0
Italy	Europe	47	15
Ivory Coast	Africa	1	1
Japan	Asia	1	1
Kenya	Africa	1	1
South Korea	Asia	2	2
Laos	Asia	1	1
Latvia	Europe	1	0
Lebanon	Asia	1	0
Lithuania	Europe	2	0
Luxembourg	Europe	1	1
Madagascar	Africa	1	1
Mali	Africa	1	1
Malta	Europe	1	1
Mauritius	Africa	1	0
Mexico	North America	6	2
Mongolia	Asia	1	1
Morocco	Africa	1	1
Mozambique	Africa	1	0
Myanmar	Asia	1	1
Netherlands	Europe	1	1
New Zealand	Oceania	2	1
Nicaragua	North America	1	1
Nigeria	Africa	4	2
Pakistan	Asia	1	1
Panama	North America	1	1
Paraguay	South America	1	1
Papua New Guinea	Oceania	1	1
Peru	South America	2	2
Philippines	Asia	4	2
Poland	Europe	4	3
Portugal	Europe	5	3
Romania	Europe	1	0
Rwanda	Africa	1	1
Saint Lucia	North America	1	0
Senegal	Africa	1	0
Singapore	Asia	1	1
Slovenia	Europe	1	0
South Africa	Africa	1	0
Spain	Europe	12	6
Sri Lanka	Asia	1	1
Sudan	Africa	1	0
Sweden	Europe	1	1
Switzerland	Europe	1	1
Tanzania	Africa	1	1
Thailand	Asia	2	1
Tonga	Oceania	1	1
Uganda	Africa	1	0
United Kingdom	Europe	3	2
United States	North America	16	10
Uruguay	South America	1	1
Venezuela	South America	1	1
Vietnam	Asia	2	0
Total		222	121